-
1 μηχανή
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `means, tool, contrivance, apparatus, machine, device' (IA, Dor.).Other forms: Dor. μαχανά.Compounds: Compp., e.g. μηχανο-ποιός `machine-builder, engineer, machinist' (Att.), ἀ-μήχανος (Dor. - ά-) `without means etc., helpless; who cannot be helped with means, irresistible, impossible' (Il.; partly associated with μηχανάομαι) with ἀμηχαν-ία, - ίη (ι 295), - έω (Ion.).Derivatives: 1. Uncertain Μαχα-νεύς surn. of Zeus (Argos, Tanagra, Cos, since Va; s.v. Wilamowitz Glaube 2, 172), also name of a month (Corcyra), Μαχανεῖος name of a month (Chalcedon); Μαχαν-ίς surn. of Athena (Cos), - ῖτις surn. of Aphrodite and Athena (Megalopolis). -- 2. μηχανιώτης `contriver', of Hermes (h. Merc. 436; after ἀγγελι-ώτης a.o., Zumbach Neuerungen 7). -- 3. μηχανάριος `machinist' (pap.). -- 4. μηχαν-όεις `full of means, inventive' (S.), - ικός `id., belonging to machines, mechanical', subst. `machinebuilder' (X., Arist.; Chantraine Études 101 a. 141). -- 5. μηχάνωμα (Dor. μα-) n. `apparatus, crane' (Thphr., Delphi; enlarged from μηχανη, Chantraine Form. 187). -- 6. Denomin. μηχανάομαι (- άω), aor. μηχανήσασθαι etc., also with prefix, e.g. ἐπι-, ἀντι-, προσ-, `realize, construct, manufacture artificially, devise (with ruse)' (Il.); from this μηχάν-ημα `invention, apparatus, mechanical device' (Hp., D., trag.), - ησις `id.' (Hp., Plb.), - ητής m. `inventor of warmaschines' (Sch.), - ητικός `inventive' (X.). -- Besides μῆχαρ n. indecl. `means, tool' (A., Lyc.), μῆχος (Dor. μᾶ-) n. `id.' (Il., also Hdt.), both as opposed to μηχανή dying words without compp. a. abl.Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Not with Frisk from a heteroclitic *μᾶχαρ, *μάχαν-ος, from which with added -ā (cf. Schwyzer 459) the almost absolute reigning μαχαν-ά, μηχαν-ή arose; accent after the verbal nouna ( φυλακ-ή, κομιδ-ή etc.). Beside the r-n-stem as so often an s -stem, μῆχος. -- As cognate are usually with Osthoff PBBeitr. 15, 211 ff. (after Bopp, Pott a.o.) considered some short-vowel verbal forms with accompanying nouns in Germanic and Slavic: Germ., e.g. Goth. mag `can, is able, mag', Slav., e.g. OCS mogǫ, mošti, Russ. mogú, močь `can, be able' with Goth. mahts `power, Macht' etc. = OCS moštь, Russ. močь `id.'. Beside this ti-derivation stands in Germ. a n-formation in OHG magan, megin, OWNo. magn, megin `power, might', which may belong directly to μηχανή. Here also (with v. Windekens Lex. etym.) Toch. A mokats `mighty' (like tsop-ats `great' etc.). -- Diff. Prellwitz (as alternative), Fraenkel Lexis 2, 170 a. Wb. s.v.: to Lith. móku, mokė́ti `can, understand, pay' assuming a IE tenuis asp. kʰ; mag, mogǫ etc. are then classified diff. (to Lith. magù, -ė́ti `please, be pleasant', mė́gstu, mė́gti `love, like' etc.). To connect the last mentioned Lith. words also with μηχανή (W.-Hofmann s. mactus, Vasmer s. mogú) is, apart from the meaning, doubtful already because of the ablaut ē: ā one would have to assume. In 1998, 10f [MKNAW Afd. Lett. 61, 9] I pointed out that in Slavic a laryngeal cannot have been vocalized; so the Germ. and Slavic forms cannot go back to * mh₂gh-. The Greek word then remains isolated. The suffix - αν- is typical for Pre-Greek words; note still that Greek has no forms with *μαχ-. -- From Dor. μαχανά Lat. māchina, from μηχανή Pashto mēčan `handmill' (Morgenstierne Acta Or. 7, 200; 18, 143); on the meaning cf. VLat. māchina also `millstone, handmill', Alb. (through Illyrian) mókërë `millstone'. -- WP. 2, 227, Pok. 695; further W.-Hofmann, Vasmer and Fraenkel (s. above).Page in Frisk: 2,234-235Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μηχανή
-
2 ἀλωή
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `threshing-floor, garden' (Il.), also `halo' (around sun and moon) (Arat.); also `disk' of sun or moon, of a shield.Dialectal forms: Cypr. ἄλουα κῆποι H. (n. pl.?); Cypr. gen. alawo (= ἀλϜω?). Dor. αλος in Sicily, prob. from * alwo-.Compounds: μητρ-αλοίᾱς `matricide' (A.); Schwyzer 451: 4.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Maybe from *ἀλωϜη. ἅλως and the Cypr. forms might be from a hysterodynamic noun (type πάτρως) with nom. -ōu-s, acc. -ou-m̥, gen. - u-os; Beekes, Mnemosyne 24, 1972, 350-2. The root could be *sl̥(H)-. If Swed. lō is cognate, we might reconstruct * h₂(e)l-. Wrong Schwyzer 479:7: orig. `round', from PIE. u̯el(u)- `wind', which does not explain the Cyprian forms, nor the meaning `garden'. - Semantically we have prob. to think of a small piece of land near the farm, used for growing fruits and vegetables (garden) and for threshing; from threshing-floor \> disk \> halo; Ure, Class. Quart., 49, 1955, 255-230.Page in Frisk: 1,82-83Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἀλωή
-
3 ὀξύα
ὀξύα, -ηGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `beech, Fagus silvatica' (Xanth., Thphr.), `spear shaft (made of beechwood), spear' (Archil., E.).Derivatives: ὀξυ-όεις `made of beechwood' ( ἔγχος, δόρυ, II.; Schwyzer 527; hardly with Bechtel Lex. 55, Risch $ 56 e from ὀξύς enlarged), -ϊνος (-έϊνος) `id.' (Thphr., Delos IIIa). On the variation ὀξύα, -η Schwyzer 189; late ὀξέα after ἰτέα, μηλέα a.o.; ὀξεῖα after the adj. Diff. on ὀξέα, - εῖα Kalén Quaest. gramm. gr. 15ff. (w. extensive treatment).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]; PGX [probably a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: With the old IE word for `ash' prob. identical, which also in Alban. got the meaning `beech' (cf. on φηγός). Closest come the Alb., Arm. and Germ. forms: Alb. ah (from * ask- or * osk-), Arm. haçi (from *askii̯o- [ osk-?]), Germ., e.g. OWNo. askr, OHG asc (PGm. * aska-, * aski-); the deviating ὀξύη prob. after ὀξύς (diff., improbable, Bq; after Sánchez Ruipérez Emer.15, 67 old metathesis as in ξύν a.o., untenable). The other languages have a deviating stemformation, which may be connected with old heteroclisis: Balt., e.g. Lith. úos-i-s, Slav., e.g. Russ. jás-en-ъ (both IE * ōs-). To the latter fits Lat. ornus, if from *ŏs-en-o- (- in-o-); quite diff. (to ἐρινεός etc.) Cocco Publ. do XXIII Congr. Luso-Espanhol (Coimbra 1957) 8: 5 f. -- Further forms w. lit. in WP. 1, 184f., Pok. 782, W.-Hofmann s. ornus, Vasmer s. ǰásenъ. - The IE character of these words is far from sure, despite the tradition to compare them; their forms are rather unclear. The variation, hardly sufficiently explained by assuming the intervenience of an adj., may point to a Pre-Greek word. - (Not to ἀχερωΐς<<.)Page in Frisk: 2,400Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ὀξύα
-
4 γίγνομαι
γίγνομαι, [dialect] Ion. and after Arist. [full] γίνομαι [pron. full] [ῑ], ([dialect] Att. Inscrr. have γιγν- in fifth and fourth cent., cf. IG2.11.9, 1055.25, etc.); Thess. [full] γίνυμαι IG9(2).517.22; [dialect] Boeot. [full] γίνιουμαι ib.7.3303: [tense] fut. γενήσομαι: [tense] aor. ἐγενόμην (A , al. ([etym.] προ-) Decr.Byz. ap. D.18.90), [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 2sg.γένευ Il.5.897
, [ per.] 3sg.γενέσκετο Od.11.208
, , Sapph.16, Pi.P.3.87, Parm.8.20, IG4.492 ([place name] Mycenae), prob.in Scol. 19; [dialect] Ep. , Emp.98.5, Call.Jov.1.50, Theoc.14.27, etc. ([etym.] gṇ-το): [tense] pf.γέγονα Il.19.122
, etc.: [ per.] 3pl.γέγοναν Apoc.21.6
: [tense] plpf.ἐγεγόνει Lys.31.17
, etc.; [dialect] Ion.ἐγεγόνεε Hdt.2.2
; [dialect] Ep. forms (as if from [tense] pf. γέγᾰα), [ per.] 2pl.γεγάᾱτε Batr.143
;γεγάᾱσι Il.4.325
, freq. in Od.: [ per.] 3pl. γεγᾱκᾰσιν cj. in Emp.23.10: [ per.] 3 dual [tense] plpf. ἐκ-γεγάτην [ᾰ] Od.10.138; inf. γεγάμεν [ᾰ] Pi.O.9.110, ([etym.] ἐκ) Il.5.248, etc.; part. γεγᾰώς -ᾰυῖα, pl.-ᾰῶτες, -ᾰυῖαι Hom.
, etc., [var] contr.γεγώς, -ῶσα S.Aj. 472
, E.Med. 406; inf.γεγᾱκειν Pi.O.6.49
: [voice] Med. forms ἐκγεγάασθε Epigr.Hom.16, ἐκ-γεγάονται (in [tense] fut. sense) h.Ven. 197 (s.v.l.):—[voice] Pass. forms, [tense] fut. γενηθήσομαι (only in Pl.Prm. 141e, οὔτε γενήσεται, οὔτε γενηθήσεται, cf. Procl.in Prm.p.963 S.): [tense] aor.ἐγενήθην Epich.209
, Archyt.1, Hp.Epid.6.8.32,7.3, later [dialect] Att., Philem. 95.2 and 167, IG2.630b10 (i B. C.) and Hellenistic Gk., Plb.2.67.8, D.S.13.51: [tense] pf.γεγένημαι Simon.69
, freq. in [dialect] Att. Poets and Prose, in [dialect] Att. inscr. first in cent. iv, IG2.555: [ per.] 3pl.γεγενέανται Philet.
ap.Eust.1885.51: [tense] plpf.ἐγεγένητο Th.7.18
, al.; cf. γείνομαι:— come into a new state of being: hence,I abs., come into being opp. εἶναι, Emp.17.11, Pl.Phd. 102e, cf. Ti. 29a; and so,1 of persons, to be born, νέον γεγαώς new born, Od.19.400; ὑπὸ Τμώλῳ γεγαῶτας born (and so living) under Tmolus, Il.2.866;ἢ πρόσθε θανεῖν ἢ ἔπειτα γ. Hes.Op. 175
; γιγνομέναισι λάχη τάδ'.. ἐκράνθη at our birth, A.Eu. 347;γ. ἔκ τινος Il.5.548
, Hdt.7.11;πατρὸς ἐκ ταὐτοῦ E.IA 406
, cf. Isoc.5.136;σέθεν.. ἐξ αἵματος A.Th. 142
; less freq.ἀπό τινος Hdt.8.22
, etc.; , etc.; γεγονέναι κακῶς, καλῶς, Ar.Eq. 218, Isoc.7.37, etc.; κάλλιον, εὖ, Hdt. 1.146, 3.69; τὸ μὴ γενέσθαι not to have been born, A.Fr. 401: freq. with Numerals,ἔτεα τρία καὶ δέκα γεγονώς Hdt.1.119
;ἀμφὶ τὰ πέντε ἢ ἑκκαίδεκα ἔτη γενόμενος X.Cyr.1.4.16
;γεγονὼς ἔτη περὶ πεντήκοντα D. 21.154
; οἱ ὑπὲρ τὰ στρατεύσιμα ἔτη γεγονότες those of an age beyond.., X.Cyr.1.2.4: c. gen., , etc.: rarely with ordinals,ὀγδοηκοστὸν ἔτος γεγονώς Luc.Macr. 22
, cf. Plu.Phil.18.2 of things, to be produced,ὅσα φύλλα καὶ ἄνθεα γίγνεται ὥρῃ Od.9.51
; opp. ὄλλυσθαι, Parm.8.13,40; opp. ἀπόλλυσθαι, Anaxag.17, cf. Pl.R. 527b, etc.; opp. ἀπολείπειν, Diog. Apoll.7; opp. ἀπολήγειν, Emp.17.30;τὰ γιγνόμενα καὶ ἐξ ὧν γίγνεται Pl.Phlb. 27a
;ἁπλῇ διηγήσει ἢ διὰ μιμήσεως γ. Id.R. 392d
;ὁ ἐκ τῆς χώρας γιγνόμενος σῖτος X.Mem.3.6.13
; τὰ ἐν ἀγρῷ γιγνόμενα ib.2.9.4; of profits,καρποὶ οἱ ἐξ ἀγελῶν γ. Id.Cyr.1.1.2
, etc.; τὰ ἆθλα ἀπὸ τεττάρων ταλάντων ἐγένοντο were the produce of, i.e. were worth, 4 talents, Id.HG4.2.7; τὸ ἀπὸ τῶν αἰχμαλώτων γενόμενον ἀργύριον produced by [the ransom of].., Id.An.5.3.4; of sums, ὁ γεγονὼς ἀριθμὸς τῶν ψήφων the total of the votes, Pl.Ap. 36a; ἕκατον εἴκοσι στατήρων γίγνονται τρισχίλιαι τριακόσιαι ἑξήκοντα [δραχμαί] 120 staters amount to 3, 360 drachmae, D.34.24; so in Math., of products,ὁ ἐξ αὐτῶν γενόμενος ἀριθμός Euc.7.24
; ἀριθμὸς γενόμενος ἑκατοντάκις multiplied by 100, Papp.10.13; of times of day,ὡς ἡ ἡμέρα ἐγένετο Th.7.81
, etc.;ἕως ἂν φῶς γένηται Pl.Prt. 311a
;ἅμα ἕῳ γιγνομένῃ Th.4.32
; of Time in general, elapse, ;χρόνου γενομένου D.S.20.109
.b falldue,οἱ γιγνόμενοι δασμοί X.An.1.1.8
;τοὺς τόκους τοὺς γ. Isoc.17.37
; τὸ τίμημα τὸ γ., τὸ γ. ἀργύριον, D.24.82, Syngr. ap. eund.35.11;τὸ γ. μέρος X.HG7.4.33
;τὸ γ. τοῖ πλήθι τᾶς ζαμίαυ IG5(2).6
A20 (Tegea, iv B. C.): c. dat.,τὸ γ. τινὶ ἔλαιον UPZ 19.32
(ii B. C.);τοῖς γείτοσι τὸ γ. Thphr.Fr.97
;τὰ γ.
dues,PHib.
1.92 and 111 (iii B. C.): hence γιγνόμενος regular, normal, τίμημα, χάρις, D. 38.25; ἐν ταῖς γ. ἡμέραις in the usual number of days, X.Cyr.5.4.51; freq. in later Gk., as Luc.Tox.18, etc.3 of events, take place, come to pass, and in past tenses to be,καί σφιν ἄχος κατὰ θυμὸν ἐγίγνετο Il.13.86
, etc.;μάχη ἐγεγόνει Pl.Chrm. 153b
, etc.; ;ἡ νόσος ἤρξατο γίγνεσθαι Id.2.47
; πνεῦμα εἰώθει γ. ib.84; τὰ Ὀλύμπια γίγνεται, τραγῳδοὶ γίγνονται, are held, X.HG7.4.28, Aeschin.3.41, etc.; ψήφισμα γ. is passed, X.Cyr.2.2.21; πιστὰ γ., ὅρκοι γ., pledges are given, oaths taken, ib.7.4.3, D.19.158; γίγνεταί τι ὑπό τινος (masc.), X.An.7.1.30, (neut.) Pl.Tht. 200e;τὰ γιγνόμενα ὑπὸ τῶν Ἀθηναίων Th.6.88
;τὰ γενόμενα ἐξ ἀνθρώπων Hdt.Praef.
;ὕβρισμα ἐκ τῶν Σαμίων γενόμενον Id.3.48
;ἀπό τινος γ. X.An.5.6.30
;παρά τινος Pl.R. 614a
; ὃ μὴ γένοιτο which God forbid, D.10.27,28.21; but γένοιτο, = Amen, LXX Is.25.1; γένοιτο γένοιτο ib.Ps.71(72).19: Math., γεγονέτω suppose it done, Euc.6.23, etc.; it is done,Apoc.
16.17: c. dat. et part., γίγνεταί τί μοι βουλομένῳ, ἀσμένῳ (v. βούλομαι, ἄσμενος) ; οὐκ ἂν ἐμοί γε ἐλπομένῳ τὰ γένοιτο, i.e. I could not hope to see these things take place, Od.3.228;ἡδομένοισι ἡμῖν οἱ λόγοι γεγόνασι Hdt.9.46
, etc.; of sacrifices, omens, etc., οὐ γάρ σφι ἐγίνετο τὰ σφάγια χρηστά ib.61, cf.62;τὰ ἱερὰ καλὰ ἐγένετο X.An.6.4.9
: abs., τὰ διαβατήρια ἐγ. were favourable, Th.5.55;θυομένῳ οὐκ ἐγίγνετο τὰ ἱερά X.HG3.1.17
: in neut. part., τὸ γενόμενον the event, the fact, Th.6.54; τὰ γενόμενα the facts, X.Cyr.3.1.9, etc.;τὸ γιγνόμενον Pl.Tht. 161b
, etc.; τὰ γεγενημένα the past, X.An.6.2.14; τὸ γενησόμενον the future, Th.1.138; τὰ γεγονότα, opp. ὄντα, μέλλοντα, Pl.R. 392d, cf. Lg. 896a: of Time, ;ἕως ἄν τινες χρόνοι γένωνται Pl.Phd. 108c
; but in [tense] pf. and [tense] plpf., to have passed,ὡς διετὴς χρόνος ἐγεγόνεε Hdt.2.2
;πρὶν ἓξ μῆνας γεγονέναι Pl.Prt. 320a
: impers., ἐγένετο or γέγονεν ὥστε .. it happened, came to pass that.., X.HG5.3.10, Isoc. 6.40, etc.; ἐγένετο, ὡς ἤκουσεν.. καὶ ἐθυμώθη it came to pass, when he heard.. that.., LXX Ge.39.19;ἐγένετο ἐν τῷ πορεύεσθαι.. καὶ διήρχετο Ev.Luc.17.11
: c. inf., γίνεται εὑρεῖν it is possible to find, Thgn.639; ἐγένετο, c. acc. et inf., it came to pass that, Act.Ap.9.3, al., PAmh.2.135.10 (ii A. D.): c. dat. et inf.,ἐάν σοι γένηται στραφῆναι Epict.Ench. 23
.1 folld. by Nouns and Adjs.,δηΐοισι δὲ χάρμα γ. Il.6.82
, cf. 8.282;σωτὴρ γενοῦ μοι A.Ch.2
;κωλυτὴς γ. τινός Th.3.23
; [οὖροι] νηῶν πομπῆες γ. Od.4.362
, etc.; πάντα δὲ γιγνόμενος πειρήσεται turning every way, ib. 417; παντοῖος γ., folld. by μή, c. inf., Hdt.3.124;παντοῖος γ. δεόμενος Id.7.10
.γ; ἐκ πλουσίου πένης γ. X.An.7.7.28
;δημοτικὸς ἐξ ὀλιγαρχικοῦ γ. Pl.R. 572d
: rarely c. part., μὴ προδοὺς ἡμᾶς γένῃ, i.e. προδότης ἡμῶν, S.Aj. 588, cf. Ph. 773;μὴ ἀπαρνηθεὶς γένῃ Pl.Sph. 217c
;ἀποτετραμμένοι ἐγένοντο Th. 3.68
, etc.: with Pron., τί γένωμαι ; what am I to become, i.e. what is to become of me? A.Th. 297, cf. Theoc.15.51;οὐκ ἔχοντες ὅτι γένωνται Th.2.52
; less freq. with masc.,οὐδ' ἔχω τίς ἂν γενοίμαν A.Pr. 905
;γίγνονται πάνθ' ὅτι βούλονται Ar.Nu. 348
.b in past tenses, having ceased to be, ὁ γενόμενος στρατηγός the ex-strategus, POxy.38.11 (i A. D.); ἡ γ. γυνή τινος the former wife, PFlor.99.4 (i/ii A. D.).2 with Advbs.,κακῶς χρῆν Κανδαύλῃ γενέσθαι Hdt.1.8
; εὖ, καλῶς, ἡδέως γ., it goes well, etc., X.An.1.7.5, Arr.Epict.3.24.97, LXX To. 7.9; with personal construction,οἱ παρὰ Πλάτωνι δειπνήσαντες ἐς αὔριον ἡδέως γίγνονται Plu.2.127b
; δίχα γ. τοῦ σώματος to be parted from.., X.Cyr.8.7.20; τριχῇ γ. to be in three divisions, Id.An.6.2.16; γ. ἐμποδών, ἐκποδών, E.Hec. 372, X.HG6.5.38, etc.3 folld. by oblique cases of Nouns,a c. gen., γ. τῶν δικαστέων, τῶν γεραιτέρων, become one of.., Hdt.5.25, X.Cyr.1.2.15, cf. Ar.Nu. 107, etc.;βουλῆς γεγονώς D.C.36.28
(cf. supr.1.b); fall to, belong to,ἡ νίκη Ἀγησιλάου ἐγεγένητο X.HG4.3.20
; to be under control of,ὁ νοῦς ὅταν αὑτοῦ γένηται S. OC 660
, cf. Pl.Phdr. 250a (s. v.l.);ὑμῶν αὐτῶν γενέσθαι D.4.7
(alsoἐντὸς ἑωυτοῦ γ. Hdt.1.119
;ἐν ἑαυτῷ γ. X.An.1.5.17
;ἐν σαυτοῦ γενοῦ S.Ph. 950
);τὴν πόλιν ἐλπίδος μεγάλης γινομένην Plu.Phoc.23
: of things, to be at, i.e. cost, so much, , cf.X.Oec.20.23.c with Preps., γ. ἀπὸ δείπνου, ἐκ θυσίας, have done.., Hdt.2.78, 1.50; πολὺν χρόνον γ. ἀπό τινος to be separated from.., X.Mem.1.2.25; γ. εἴς τι turn into,τὸ κακὸν γ. εἰς ἀγαθόν Thgn.162
; freq. in LXX,ἐγενήθη μοι εἰς γυναῖκα Ge.20.12
; εἰς βρῶσιν ib.La.4.10; εἰς οὐδέν, εἰς κενόν, Act.Ap.5.36, 1 Ep.Thess. 3.5;ἐς Αακεδαίμονα Hdt.5.38
(in Hom. even without Prep.,ἐμὲ χρεὼ γ. Od.4.634
); γ. τι εἴς τινα comes to him, of a dowry, Is.3.36; of a ward, And.1.117; γ. ἐξ ὀφθαλμῶν τινι to be out of sight, Hdt.5.24; ἐξ ἀνθρώπων γ. disappear from.., Paus.4.26.6;γ. ἐν Χίῳ Hdt.5.33
, etc.; γ. ἐν .., to be engaged in.., οἱ ἐν ποιήσει γινόμενοι in poetry, Id.2.82; ἐν [πολέμῳ] Th.1.78;ἐν πείρᾳ γ. τινος X.An.1.9.1
; ἐν ὀργῇ, ἐν αἰτίᾳ πρός τινα γ., Plu.Flam.16, Rom.7; of things, ἐν καιρῷ γ. to be in season, X.HG4.3.2;ἐν τύχῃ γ. τινί τι Th.4.73
; γ. διὰ γηλόφων, of a road, X.An.3.4.24; but δι' ἔχθρας γ. τινί to be at enmity with, Ar.Ra. 1412; γ. ἐπὶ ποταμῷ arrive or be at.., Hdt.1.189, etc.; γ. ἐπί τινι fall into or be in one's power, X.An.3.1.13, etc.;ἐπὶ συμφοραῖς γ. D.21.58
codd. (- ᾶς Schaefer); γ. ἐπί τινι, also, to be set over.., X.Cyr.3.3.53; γ. ἐφ' ἡμῶν αὐτῶν to be alone, Aeschin.2. 36;γ. ἐπὶ τῆς διοικήσεως D.C.43.48
; γ. ἐπ' ἐλπίδος to be in hope, Plu.Sol.14: Math., γ. ἐπὶ ἀριθμόν to be multiplied into a number, Theol.Ar.3; γ. κατά τινα or τι to be near.. or opposite to.., in battle, X.Cyr.7.1.14, HG4.2.18; but κατὰ ξυστάσεις γ. to be formed into groups, Th.2.21;καθ' ἓν γ. Id.3.10
; καθ' αὑτοὺς γ. to be alone, D.10.52; γ. μετὰ τοῦ θείου to be with God, X.Cyr.8.7.27, etc.;ἡ νίκη γ. σύν τινι Id.Ages.2.13
; γ. παρ' ἀμφοτέροις τοῖς πράγμασι to be present on both sides, Th.5.26; γ. παρά τι to depend upon.., D.18.232; γ. περὶ τὸ συμβουλεύειν to be engaged in.., Isoc.3.12; γενοῦ πρός τινα go to So-and-so, PFay. 128, etc.; γ. πρὸς τῇ καρδίᾳ to be at or near.., Pl.Phd. 118, etc.; γ. πρός τινι to be engaged in.., Isoc. 12.270, D.18.176; αὐτὸς πρὸς αὑτῷ meditate, Plu.2.151c; soγ. πρὸς τὸ ἰᾶσθαι Pl.R. 604d
;πρὸς παρασκευήν Plb.1.22.2
: impers.,ἐπεὶ πρὸς ἡμέραν ἐγίγνετο X.HG2.4.6
; γενέσθαι πρός τινων to be inclined towards them, Hdt.7.22; γ. πρὸ ὁδοῦ to be forward on the way, Il.4.382; γ. ὑπό τινι to be subject to.., Hdt.7.11, Th.7.64; γ. ὑπὸ ταῖς μηχαναῖς to be under the protection of.., X.Cyr.7.1.34.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > γίγνομαι
-
5 βακτηρία
βακτηρία, βάκτρονGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `staff, stick, scepter (as symbol of judges)' (Ar.).Other forms: Also βακτήριον (Ar.), βακτηρίδιον (H.), βακτηρίς, - ίδος f. (Achae. [?]). Cf. βάκτρον n. `stick, cudgel' (A.).Dialectal forms: Cypr. pakara LSJ Supp.Derivatives: βακτρεύω `prop' (arg. metr. in S. OC), βάκτρευμα (E.; βακτηρεύω (Suid.) influenced by βακτηρία.Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Eur.Etymology: βακτηρία looks like an abstract formation from *βακτήρ, with βάκτρον like ἀροτήρ beside ἄροτρον. One compares βάκται ἰσχυροί H. (doubtful) and βακόν (improbable). - To Lat. baculum `staff, stick', from * bak-tlo-m (but s. Pisani REIE 3, 53); from baculum again βάκλον `stick, cudgel' (Aesop.); also OIr. bacc `hook, crook' etc. Pok. 93 gives other, quite doubtful, forms. A loanword; from Europe?Page in Frisk: 1,211-212Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βακτηρία
-
6 βάκτρον (1)
βακτηρία, βάκτρονGrammatical information: f.Meaning: `staff, stick, scepter (as symbol of judges)' (Ar.).Other forms: Also βακτήριον (Ar.), βακτηρίδιον (H.), βακτηρίς, - ίδος f. (Achae. [?]). Cf. βάκτρον n. `stick, cudgel' (A.).Dialectal forms: Cypr. pakara LSJ Supp.Derivatives: βακτρεύω `prop' (arg. metr. in S. OC), βάκτρευμα (E.; βακτηρεύω (Suid.) influenced by βακτηρία.Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Eur.Etymology: βακτηρία looks like an abstract formation from *βακτήρ, with βάκτρον like ἀροτήρ beside ἄροτρον. One compares βάκται ἰσχυροί H. (doubtful) and βακόν (improbable). - To Lat. baculum `staff, stick', from * bak-tlo-m (but s. Pisani REIE 3, 53); from baculum again βάκλον `stick, cudgel' (Aesop.); also OIr. bacc `hook, crook' etc. Pok. 93 gives other, quite doubtful, forms. A loanword; from Europe?Page in Frisk: 1,211-212Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βάκτρον (1)
-
7 βαίνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `go' (Il.).Other forms: Only present stem. Other presents: 1. βάσκω, mostly as ipv. βάσκε, - τε (Il.; s. below); 2. βιβάσκω (Il.), mostly causative ; 3. βίβημι (βίβᾱμι), - άω (to ἔβην, s. below) in βιβάς, βιβῶν, βιβᾳ̃ `stride' (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 300); 4. βιβάζω (posthom.) causative; 5. βιβάσθων in μακρὰ β. (Il.), metrical lengthening of βιβάς at verse end (Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 327, Shipp Studies 39).Derivatives: 1. βάσις `step, base' (Pi., in comp. Il.) = Skt. gáti- (below). 2. βατήρ, - ῆρος m. `threshold, basis' (Amips., inscr. etc.). 3. - βάτης, - ου m. from comp.: ἀνα-, ἀπο-, ἐμ-βάτης etc. (Il.), also with nominal first element, e. g. στυλο-βά-της; 4. - βατος from comp.: ἀνα- ( ἀμ-)βατός etc. (Il.); βατός as simplex (rarely) `accessible' (X.); s. Chantr. Form. 302ff. From - βάτης and - βατος abstracta in - σία, ὑπερβασία `transgression' (Il.); denomin. in - εύω and - έω, ἐμβατεύω etc. 5. - βάς, - άδος f. in ἐμβαδές. From here (?) adv. βάδην `step by step'. 6. βάθρον `basis, seat' etc. (Ion.-Att.), βάθρᾱ. 7. βαθμός and βασμός m. `step, basis' etc. (hell.; βαθμίς f. Pi.). Not here βαμβαίνων, q. v. From the root βη-: βῆμα, βᾶμα n. `step' etc. (h. Merc. etc.; = Av. gāman- n. `step') ; further βηλός (βᾱλός) m. `threshold' (Il.), βηλά n. pl. = πέδιλα (Panyas.); s. Chantr. Form. 240. Also - βήτης, - ου m. in ἐμπυριβή-της ( τρίπους) `standing over the fire' (Ψ 702); on διαβή-της s.s.v. `circle etc.' (Ar.) s. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 33f.; cf. also ἀμφισβητέω.Etymology: A jot present \< *βάν-ι̯ω \< *βάμ-ι̯ω \< gʷm̥-i̯ō, βά-σκω \< *gʷm̥- from the root * gʷem-. The non-present forms were made from the root βη- (βᾱ-) \< * gʷeh₂-: ἔβην, βήσομαι (factitive ἔβησα, βήσω after ἔστησα, στήσω), βέβηκα (Il.). The present βαίνω is identical with Lat. venio (on `go' and `come' s. Porzig Satzinhalte 330f.); the sḱ-present βάσκε in Skt.. gácchati \< *gʷm̥-ske-ti `he goes'. The full grade in Goth. qiman `come', Skt. á-gam-am `I went' (aor.). Here also ἐβάθη ἐγεννήθη H.? for which one compares Lith. gìmstu `be born', if - stu \< *-sḱō (Leumann IF 58, 120)? - With βάσις cf. Skt. gáti-, Lat. con-ventio, and Germ., e.g. Goth. ga-qumÞs. Also - βατος = Skt. (-) gata-, Lat. - ventus. With βίβημι cf. Skt. jígāti `he goes. The aor. ἔβην agrees exactly with Skt. á-gā-m `he went'; das noun βῆμα agrees with Av. gā-man- n. `step, pace'. - With the roots guem- and guā- cf. * drem- (s. ἔδραμον), drā- (s. ἀποδιδράσκω), with related meaning. Cf. βέβαιος, βέβηλος, βωμός, βαστάζω, βητάρμων.Page in Frisk: 1,209-210Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βαίνω
-
8 πορεῖν
Grammatical information: Aor.Meaning: `to provide, to donate, to offer, to grant' (ep. Il.).Other forms: πέπρωται perf. `it is (by fate) given, decided', ptc. πεπρωμένος (ep. Il.); ptc. πρωτός (Hdn. Gr.).Etymology: Formation like μολεῖν: μέμβλωκα (: βλώσκω), θορεῖν (: θρώσκω) a.o.; s. vv. and Schwyzer 747 a. 770, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 391 a. 433. The forms πρω- derive from the zero grade *pr̥h₃-. Not here the yot-present πείρω; s. v., nor the primary πέρνημι `sell' (which has h₂; s. v.). Skt. pí-par-ti `set over, bring over' will also rather have the root *perh₂-; here prob. also the frequentative Lat. portō, - āre `bring, carry'. Skt. pūrdhi `give' however belongs with πορεῖν (from *pr̥h₃-). The forms πέρᾱ, περάω clearly have h₂. Less clear is Lat. pars (W.Hofmann s. v.). -- Cf. also πόρις.Page in Frisk: 2,579-580Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πορεῖν
-
9 δένδρεον
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `tree' (Hom., Pi.)Compounds: Compp. 1. subst. καρυό-, λιθό-, ῥοδό-, σταφυλό-; 2. many bahuvrihi's in - δενδρος; δένδρος n., m. (Ion. Dor.; s. below)Derivatives: δενδρ-ύφιον (Thphr.; s. Schwyzer 471 n. 7; untenable Specht Ursprung 267), δενδρίον (Agathokl.). - δενδρώδης `rich in trees' (Hp.), δενδρήεις `rich in trees' (Od.; s. Schwyzer 527), δενδρίτης, - ῖτις `belonging to the tree', also name of a stone (Thphr.; vgl. Redard Les noms grecs en - της [s. Index]), rare δενδρώτης, - ῶτις `with tree' (Hdn., E.; cf. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 128 A. 2, Redard 13); δενδρικός `belonging to a tree' (Thphr.), δενδριακός `id.' (AP), δένδρινος `id.' (gloss.), δενδραῖος `from trees' (Nonn.), δενδράς f. `id.' (Nonn.). - δενδρών and δένδρωμα `thicket' (Aq.). - Denomin. δενδρόομαι, - όω `grow to a tree, change into a tree' (Thphr.) with δένδρωσις (Thphr.). - On δενδρυάζω s. δενδρύω.Etymology: The form δένδρος is from the plural forms δένδρεα, - έων (from δένδρεον) ; the usual Attic form δένδρον is also secondary (cf. ἀδελφός from ἀδελφεός? and Schwyzer 583.), Wackernagel Unt. 109f., Shipp Studies 21f., 55. - δένδρεον \< *δένδρεϜον agrees with the Germanic word for `tree', Goth. triu, OE treow `tree' etc., PGm. *treu̯a- \< IE *dreu̯o-; though the form of the reuplication is rare (not with DELG to γάγγραινα). Further s. δόρυ, δρῦς. (Skt. daṇḍá- m. `stick, club' acc. to Kuiper Proto-Munda Words in Sanskrit 75ff. is a local LW [loanword].) Janda, Stock und Stein (1977) assumes *dem-dreu̯-om `tree planted near the house', like Strunk, Analecta Indoeuropaea Cracoviensia, vol. II: Kurylowicz Memorial Volume. Part One. Ed. W. Smoczyński, 357-63. (But does this type of compound exist?).Page in Frisk: 1,365-366Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > δένδρεον
-
10 κόμμι
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `India-rubber' (Hdt., Hp., Arist., Thphr.);Derivatives: κομμίδιον (Hippiatr., sch.), κομμι(δ)ώδης `rubber-like' (Arist., Thphr.), κομμίζω `be like k.' (Dsc.).Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Egypt.Etymology: From Egypt. kemai, kema, kmjt, Copt. kommi (Schrader-Nehring Reallex. 1, 417). From κόμμι Lat. cummi(s), younger gummi; from there the Europ. forms. Independent loans from Egyptian (Fohalle Mélanges Vendryes 171; cf. Kretschmer Glotta 16, 166) would hardly have resulted in the same form in both languages.Page in Frisk: 1,909Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κόμμι
-
11 στενός
A narrow, opp. εὐρύς, πλατύς, Hdt.2.8 ([comp] Sup.), 4.195, al.; ; ;ἐσβολή Hdt.7.175
([comp] Comp.); πόρος ib. 176;ἡ ἔσοδος Th.7.51
; ; ἐν στενῷ, [dialect] Ion. στεινῷ, in a narrow space, A.Pers. 413, Hdt.8.60. β; ποιεῖν τὸν δῆμον εὐρὺν καὶ ς. Ar.Eq. 720;σ. ποδεών Hdt.8.31
; ; πόροι, φλέβες, Ti.Locr.101a, Pl.Ti. 66a; κεφαλή, πόδες, X.Cyn.5.30.2 Subst., τὰ ς. the narrows, straits, of a pass, Hdt.7.223; of a sea, Th.2.86, etc.; of the straits of Gibraltar, Str.3.5.5; so τὸ ς. the strait ([place name] Hellespont), Luc.DMar.9.1;ἐπὶ σ. τῆς ὁδοῦ X.HG7.1.29
; also ἡ στενή a narrow strip of land, Th.2.99; τὰ ς. passes, defiles, Phld.Rh.1.334 S.II metaph., close, confined, ἀπειληθέντες ἐς στεινόν driven into a corner, Hdt.9.34;σ. ζῶμεν χρόνον Men.410
; ;εἰς σ. τοῦ καιροῦ φθείρεσθαι Alciphr.1.24
.2 scanty, petty, Pl.Grg. 497c;ὑποθέσεις Plb.7.7.6
;ἐλπίδες D.H.4.52
;ἐρωτήσεις Philostr.VS2.30
; small-minded, narrow-minded, in Adv. [comp] Comp., PGiss. 40 ii7 (iii A.D.).3 of sound and style, thin, meagre, Arist.Aud. 803b24, Rh. 1413b15; hard to pronounce,συλλαβὴ σ. καὶ δύστομος Phld.Po.2.15
.—Choerob. in Theod.2.76 H., EM 275.50 say that στενός, like κενός, forms the [comp] Comp. and [comp] Sup. στενότερος, στενότατος, and these forms are explainable from Στενϝότερος, Στενϝότατος, which are implied by the Ionic forms στεινότερος, -ότατος ( στεινότερος occurs in Hdt.1.181, 7.175, [full] στενότερος in IG7.3073.109 (Lebad., ii B.C.), Pl.Phd. 111d, X.Cyr.2.4.3 with v.l.); and στενοτάτου is required by the metre in Scymn.922; the form στενώτερος is however found in Hp.VM22, Arist.PA 675a35, al.III Adv., στενῶς διακεῖσθαι to be in difficulties, PCair.Zen.498 (iii B.C.), PTeb. 760.19 (iii B.C.), D.L.8.86, cf. LXX 1 Ki.13.6. -
12 βλάβη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `damage' (A.), but s. below.Other forms: βλάβος n.Compounds: ἀβλαβήςDerivatives: βλαβερός `damaging' (Hes.), to ἀβλαβής as κρατερός to ἀκρατής (s. Schwyzer 482). - Verb βλάπτω, βλάψαι, ἐβλάβην orig. `hinder, disable' (Il.), also without suffix βλάβεται (T 82, 166 = ν 34), prob. old, Chantr. Gramm. hom. 1, 311). βλάψις (Pl.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: βλαβ- is mostly considered, on the basis of the Cretan forms, as assimilated from βλαπ-. Then one connects Skt. mŕ̥c- f., marká- m. `damage', Av. mǝrǝnčaitē `destroys', reconstructing *mr̥\/l̥kʷ-. But the development to λο (Arc.-Cypr.?, Myc??) in Cretan is unparalelled. On the other hand α\/ο and β\/π is typical for Pre-Greek; Fur. 144 compares ἀβλαβία - ἀβλοπία with ἀραβῆσαι - Cret. ἀροπῆσαι. - As to the comparison with Indo-Iranian, the oldest Greek meaning does not fit. - Doubtful Lat. mulceō, mulcō because of the velar and the meaning, s. W.-Hofmann s. vv. Puhvel HED suggested connection with Hitt. gullakuwan, but this means `scheusslich' (Tischler s.v.). Cf. βλάσφημος.Page in Frisk: 1,239-240Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > βλάβη
-
13 οὖς
οὖς (nom. sg. freq. in IGIl(2).161 B126, al. (Delos, iii B. C.), v. sub fin.), τό, gen. ὠτός, dat. ὠτί: pl. nom. ὦτα, gen. ὤτων, dat. ὠσί ( ὤτοις condemned by Phryn.186):—Hom. has only acc. sg. and dat. pl. (v. infr.); the other cases he forms as if from οὖας (which is found in Simon.37.14), gen. οὔατος, pl. nom. and acc. οὔατα (also in Epich.21, Hp.Cord.8,al., SIG1025.62 (Cos, iv/iii B. C.)), dat.Aοὔασι Il.12.442
(ὠσίν Od.12.200
): Hellenistic nom. sg. [full] ὦς PPetr.3p.33 (iii B. C.), PGrenf.1.12.29, 2.15 ii I (ii B. C.), IG7.3498.19 (Oropus, ii B. C.), Roussel Cultes Egyptiens 217 (Delos, ii B. C.), PStrassb.87.14 (ii B. C.): also [dialect] Dor. [full] ὦς Theoc.11.32; pl. ὤϝαθ' cj. for ὦτά θ' in Alcm.41:— ear,Ἄντιφον αὖ παρὰ οὖς ἔλασε ξίφει Il.11.109
; [κηρὸν] ἐπ' ὠσὶν ἄλειψ' Od.
l.c.; αἲ γὰρ δή μοι ἀπ' οὔατος ὧδε γένοιτο oh may I never hear of such a thing! Il.18.272;αἲ γὰρ ἀπ' οὔατος εἴη 22.454
;ἀμφὶ κτύπος οὔατα βάλλει 10.535
; ὀρθὰ ἱστάναι τὰ ὦτα, of horses, Hdt.4.129, cf. S.El.27, etc.;ἐν τοῖσι ὠσὶ.. οἰκέει ὁ θυμός Hdt.7.39
, cf.1.8; βοᾷ ἐν ὠσὶ κέλαδος rings in the ear, A.Pers. 605;φθόγγος βάλλει δι' ὤτων S.Ant. 1188
, cf. A.Ch.56 (lyr.); (lyr.); ὀξὺν δι' ὤτων κέλαδον ἐνσείσας ib. 737, cf. OT 1387;δι' ὤτων ἦν λόγος E.Med. 1139
, cf. Rh. 294, 566; soἁμῖν τοῦτο δι' ὠτὸς ἔγεντο Theoc.14.27
; (anap.);εἰς οὖς ἑκάστῳ.. ηὔδα λόγους E.Andr. 1091
, cf. Hipp. 932;προσκύψας μοι μικρὸν πρὸς τὸ οὖς Pl.Euthd. 275e
; ἐπ' (ἐς cj. Dawes)οὔατα λάθριος εἶπεν Call.Ap. 105
; reversely, παρέχειν τὰ ὦτα to lend the ears, i. e. to attend, Pl.Cra. 396d, etc.; soἐπισχέσθαι τὰ ὦτα Id.Smp. 216a
;παραβάλλειν Id.R. 531a
, cf. Call.Fr. anon. 375;τὰ ὦτα ἐξεπετάννυτο Ar.Eq. 1347
;ὦτα χορηγεῖν Plu.2.232f
; ἀποκλείειν τὰ ὦτα ib.143f; οἱ ὦτα ἔχοντες those who have ears to hear, ib. 1113c: metaph., of spies in Persia, X.Cyr.8.2.10sq., Luc.Ind.23, cf. Arist.Pol. 1287b30;τὸ τῶν λεγομένων ὤτων καὶ προσαγωγέων γένος Plu.2.522f
; τὰ ὦτα ἐπὶ τῶν ὤμων ἔχοντες, of persons who slink away ashamed (hanging their ears like dogs), Pl.R. 613c: prov., v. λύκος; τεθλασμένος οὔατα πυγμαῖς, of a boxer, Theoc.22.45 (cf. ὠτοκάταξις) ; ἐπ' ἀμφότερα τὰ ὦτα καθεύδειν sleep soundly, Aeschin. Socr.54 D.1 handle, esp. of pitchers, cups, etc.,οὔατα δ' αὐτοῦ τέσσαρ' ἔσαν Il.11.633
, cf. 18.378, Bion ap. Plu.2.536a, IG11(2).161 B126 (Delos, iii B. C.), Hero Spir.2.23, Dsc.5.87; [ποτήριον] ὦτα συντεθλασμένον Alex.270.3
.2 in Archit., = παρωτίς 4, IG12.372.201, cf. 319.6.3 οὖς Ἀφροδίτης, a kind of shell-fish, Antig.Car. ap. Ath.3.88a; οὖς θαλάττιον, = ἀγρία λεπάς, Arist.HA 529b16.4 τὰ ὦτα (οὔατα Hp.
) τῆς καρδίας the auricles of the heart, Hp.Cord.8, Gal.UP6.15, cf. 2.615K. -
14 εἰλεός
Grammatical information: m.Meaning: 1. as medic. expression `intestinal obstruction, Bauchgrimmen' (Hp.; Lat. īleus); rarely 2. name of a vine (Hippys Rheg. [Va?]); 3. `den, hole of animals, esp. of snakes' (Theoc. 15, 9, Ark., Poll.).Other forms: ἰλεόςDerivatives: from 1.: εἰλεώδης `relating to intestinal obstruction' (Hp.).Origin: IE [Indo-European]X [probably] [1141] *u̯elu̯- `turn, wind, cover, protect'Etymology: Formation like φωλεός, κολεός etc. (Chantr. Form. 51). Original meaning `winding' (cf. H.: εἰλεός ἡ τοῦ θηρίου κατάδυσις καὶ στρόφος), from εἰλέω `roll, wind' with diphthong (not *ἐ-Ϝελ-ε(Ϝ)ος), explains the meanings 1. and 2. Also the `den' can be combined with `winding'; but εἰλυός (A. R.) like synonymous εἰλυθμός is based on εἰλύω `wind around, cover'. - Cf. Solmsen Unt. 242ff.; - εός not phonet. from - υός. - Is - εος Pre-Greek? (cf. φωλεός).Page in Frisk: 1,456Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > εἰλεός
-
15 μορύσσω
Meaning: only ptc. pf. μεμορυχμένος (v.l. - γ-) `defiled, blackened' (ν 435, Nic., Q. S., Opp.), also opt. aor. 2. sg. μορύξαις `one should besmear' (Nic. Al. 144).Derivatives: Beside μορυχώτερον comp. as adv. `darker' (v.l. in Arist. Metaph. 987 a 10), Μόρυχος surn. of Dionysos in Sicily (Sophr. 94; as his face was besmeart with yeast at the wine-harvest), also name of a tragic poet (Ar.) with Μορυχία οἰκία (Pl. Phdr. 227b); s. Praechter Herm. 42, 647. On Μόρυχος cf. ἥσυχος, βόστρυχος uad the popular words in - χος, s. Chantraine Form. 402 ff.; a backformation from μορύσσω (with anal. - ύσσω, Schwyzer 733) is possible.Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: On Μόρυχος cf. ἥσυχος, βόστρυχος and the popular words in - χος, s. Chantraine Form. 402 ff.; a backformation from μορύσσω (with anal. - ύσσω, Schwyzer 733) is possible. Possible Greek cognates are mentioned under μόρφνος (s..); outside Greek some Slavic words for `smear etc.' may be considered, e.g. Russ. mará-ju, -tь `smear, stain etc.' (IE mōr-), s. Vasmer s.v. with more forms. Uncertain considerations from Armenian (after H. Petersson LUÅ 1916, 40) in WP. 2, 280, Pok. 734, Hofmann Et. Wb. s. v. Other combinations (to μύρον, σμύρις; after L. Meyer 4, 404f., Torp in Fick 3, 527) in Bq. - If the word is Pre-Greek, it could stand for *μαρυ-.Page in Frisk: 2,257Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μορύσσω
-
16 σχεδόν
Grammatical information: adv.Meaning: `near', of place and time (ep. lyr. Il.), `nearly, almost, about' (posthom. IA.);Other forms: Also - όθεν `from nearby' (Hom., A. R.; Schwyzer 628).Compounds: Comp. αὑτο-σχεδόν (- δά P 319) `right in the vicinity, very near' (Hom., Arat.), `at once' (A. R.) with αὑτοσχεδ-ίη, only in obl. cas.: dat. - ίῃ ( μάχῃ, ὑσμίνῃ?; cf. Trümpy Fachausdrücke 113), acc. - ίην `in close combat, man to man' (Hom.), ἐς σχεδόν `in close combat' (Tyrt.), ἐξ -ίης `inconsiderate, offhand' (h. Merc.); adj. - ιος `unprepared, improvised' (Arist., hell. a. late).Derivatives: σχέδ-ιος `nearby, belonging to close combat' (A. in lyr. a.o.), `adjacent, concerning the closest present, instantly, unprepared, improvised' (hell. a. late); adv. - ίην `in close combat' (Ε 830), `soon' (Nic.). -- From this the verbs: 1. σχεδι-άζω, also w. ἀπο- a.o., `to improvise, to do, make offhand, to act thoughtlessly' (hell. a. late) with - ασμα, - ασμός, - αστικῶς (hell. a. late.; on the meaning Koller Glotta 40, 183ff.). 2. αὑτοσχεδι-άζω `id.' (Att.) with - αστής (X.), - ασμα, - ασμός, - αστός, - αστικός (Pl. Com., Arist. a.o.).Etymology: From σχεῖν, σχέσθαι (s. ἔχω) with suffix - δον (Schwyzer 626; cf. Haas Μνήμης χάριν 1, 144f.); prop. `holding (himself) to, connecting'. Lat. LW [loanword] schedius, - ium. Cf. σχέδην.Page in Frisk: 2,837Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σχεδόν
-
17 οἰκτίρω
οἰκτ-ίρω [pron. full] [ῑ] (in codd. freq. -ειρ-, but - ῑρ- in early Inscrr., IG12.971,976,982, v. sub fin. ; cf. κατοικτίρω): [tense] impf. ᾤκτ (ε) ιρον Stesich.18: [tense] fut.Aοἰκτῐρῶ A.Fr.199.6
(- ερεῖ codd.): [tense] aor. ᾤκτ (ε) ιρα Il.11.814, A.Pr. 354, al. ; [dialect] Ion. οἴκτ (ε) ιρα Hdt.3.52:—[voice] Pass., only [tense] pres. and [tense] impf., ibid., X.Oec.7.40, S.El. 1412 :—later forms (as if from οἰκτειρέω): [tense] fut. οἰκτειρήσω Sch.Od.4.740, LXXEx.33.19, Ep.Rom.9.15, Lib.Descr.30.18 : [tense] aor. ᾠκτείρησα Sch.A.Pr. 353 : [tense] aor. [voice] Pass. οἰκτειρηθῆναι ib. 637.—Cf. οἰκτείρημα :—pity, have pity upon, c. acc. pers., Il.11.814, 16.5, Hdt.l.c., 7.38 ;ἐλεῆσαι καὶ οἰ. Pl.Euthd. 288d
; οἰ. τινά τινος pity one for or because of a thing, , cf. Supp. 209 ; alsoοἰ. τινά τινος ἕνεκα X.Oec. 2.7
; ἐπί τινι ib.4 : c. acc. rei, E.Med. 1233, Ar.V. 328, Antipho 3.1.2.2 c. inf., οἰ. νιν λιπεῖν I am sorry to leave her, S.Aj. 652 ; οἰ. εἰ.. to be sorry that it should be, X.An.1.4.7. [[dialect] Aeol.οἰκτίρρω Hdn.
Gr.2.558 : hence οἰκτῑρω is prob. from οἰκτιρ-ψω, and οἰκτίρετε [pron. full] [ῐ] in AP7.267 (Posidipp.) is an error: but the [dialect] Att. [tense] fut. is οἰκτερῶ acc. to Hdn.Gr.2.559.]Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > οἰκτίρω
-
18 οἰνοχοεύω
A- εύων 1.143
; inf.- εύειν Il.2.127
,20.234 : but Hom. forms obl. tenses from [suff] οἰνοχο-χοέω, [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg. [tense] impf.οἰνοχόει Od.15.141
,ἐῳνοχόει Il.4.3
: [tense] aor. inf.οἰνοχοῆσαι Od.15.323
, Sapph.51.2: later in [tense] pres., Pherecr.70.5, X.Cyr.1.3.8, Ph.2.479 ; part.- οοῦσα IG22.1514.32
, [dialect] Aeol.- όεισα Sapph.5
(- οεῦσα codd. Ath.): [tense] fut. - ήσω X.l.c.:—[voice] Med.- οούμενοι Ph.1.353
:—pour out wine for drinking, abs., Od.15.141, 323, etc. ;Διὶ οἰ. Il.20.234
.2 c. acc., νέκταρ ἐῳνοχόει she was pouring out nectar, 4.3 ;θεοῖς ἐνδέξια.. οἰνοχόει.. νέκταρ ἀπὸ κρητῆρος ἀφύσσων Il.1.598
: metaph.,ἄκρατον τοῖς πολίταις ἐλευθερίαν οἰ. Plu.Per.7
;ὕμνους Dionys.Eleg.4.1
:—[voice] Pass.,οἰνοχοεῖται ἐπινίκια Plu.2.349f
.3 τὴν Κασταλίαν οἰνοχοῆσαι cause Castaly to run with wine, Philostr.VA6.10 ; κρήνην -ήσας mixing spring-water with wine, Id.Im.1.22.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > οἰνοχοεύω
-
19 πίτνω
AΝίκας ἐν ἀγκώνεσσι πίτνων Id.N.5.42
, cf. I.2.26, A.Ch. 1056, Ag. 1128 (lyr.), E.Hec.23, al.: [tense] impf. ἔπιτνον, poet. πίτνον, B.16.6, S.OC 1732 (lyr.), etc.: [full] πιτνῶ is given as [tense] pres. by Gramm., as Hdn.Gr.2.290, and πιτνεῖς is found in codd. of E.Heracl.77; but cf. Sch.Il.16.827; forms with -ον- from -εο- are not found ( προσπιτνοῦμεν, v.l. in S.OC 1754, is unmetrical). -
20 ψίης
ψίης· μακάριος, εὐδαίμων, also [full] ψίεσσα· εὐδαίμων, μακαρία, and [full] ψίεντα· τὰ αὐτά, Hsch. ([dialect] Ion. forms [ψιῆς, etc.] from Ψιήεις [ΨιήA = ψιά].)
См. также в других словарях:
From the beginnings to Avicenna — Jean Jolivet INTRODUCTION Arabic philosophy began at the turn of the second and third centuries of the Hegira, roughly the ninth and tenth centuries AD. The place and the time are important. It was in 133/750 that the ‘Abbāssid dynasty came to… … History of philosophy
Forms of address in the United Kingdom — Forms of address used in the United Kingdom are given below.Several terms have been abbreviated in the table below. The forms used in the table are given first, followed by alternative acceptable abbreviations in parentheses.Abbreviations*His/Her … Wikipedia
forms of action — n. The categories of legal actions available under common law, such as trespass, debt, etc., and divided into actions at equity and actions at law; now all forms of action are gathered together under the Rules of Civil Procedure into the single… … Law dictionary
Forms of activity and interpersonal relations — in sociology can be described as follows: first and most basic are animal like behaviors, i.e. various physical movements of the body. Then there are actions movements with a meaning and purpose. Then there are social behaviors, which are… … Wikipedia
Forms of juggling — This is an outline of the most popular forms of juggling as practiced by amateur, non performing, hobby jugglers. This list is based on the current trends in the Western world (Europe and North America) for ball, club and ring juggling, and is… … Wikipedia
Forms of cricket — Various forms of cricket exist and the sport may broadly be divided between major and minor versions. Major cricket includes several variations in which top class players have taken part such as Test cricket, first class cricket, single wicket,… … Wikipedia
Forms of nonmonogamy — Nonmonogamy is a blanket term covering several different types of interpersonal relationship in which some or all participants have multiple marital, sexual, and/or romantic partners. This can be contrasted with its opposite which is monogamy and … Wikipedia
forms — The theory of forms is probably the most characteristic, and most contested of the doctrines of Plato . In the background lie the Pythagorean conception of form as the key to physical nature, but also the sceptical doctrine associated with… … Philosophy dictionary
Forms — One great objection brought against the Episcopal Church by many persons not members of it is what they call forms and ceremonies. They say what they want is spiritual religion, and this objection seems to be so final with them there is… … American Church Dictionary and Cyclopedia
From Russia with Love (film) — Infobox Film Bond | name = From Russia with Love caption = From Russia With Love film poster image size = 160px bond = Sean Connery stars= Daniela Bianchi Lotte Lenya Robert Shaw writer = Ian Fleming screenplay = Richard Maibaum Johanna Harwood… … Wikipedia
From Russia with Love (novel) — Infobox Book name = From Russia with Love title orig = translator = image caption = First edition cover. author = Ian Fleming illustrator = cover artist = Richard Chopping Devised by Fleming country = United Kingdom language = English series =… … Wikipedia
